Further Reflections
Reflecting on Charisma with Molly Worthen
Historian Molly Worthen joins Al Zambone to explore one of the most powerful—and misunderstood—forces in American life: charisma. From Anne Hutchinson and Andrew Jackson to Martin Luther King Jr. and Donald Trump, Worthen traces how charismatic figures have offered meaning, clarity, and even salvation in moments of upheaval.
In this sweeping conversation, Worthen draws on theology, sociology, and American history to ask: What do we want from charismatic leaders? And why do we keep turning to them?
Questions for Reflection and Conversation
1. Charisma vs. Charm
Worthen argues that charisma is not mere charm. Do you agree? How do you see the difference play out in public figures or people you’ve known personally? How does this make you re-evaluate figures you’ve thought of as charismatic, or haven’t thought about as charismatic?
2. The Charismatic Types
In Spellbound, Worthen divides American charismatic figures into five types: Prophets, Conquerors, Agitators, Experts, and Gurus. Which type feels most familiar—or most dangerous—in our current moment? How can one types also reflect other of the types?
3. Charisma and Institutional Collapse
Why does charisma flourish when institutions weaken? Is it a symptom or a solution? Can we rebuild trust in institutions without charismatic leadership?
4. Revivalism and American Culture
Even secular Americans long for a “revival.” Why does this language persist? What does it suggest about American expectations for spiritual and political renewal?
5. Anti-Charisma
George Washington and Abraham Lincoln emerge as “anti-charismatics.” How can anti-charismatic leaders charm and inspire without being charismatic? Why might Americans have once preferred that kind of leadership—and why might we not anymore? Why might they want that leadership once more?
6. Personal Experience
Have you ever felt drawn to a charismatic figure? What did they offer you? And how do you evaluate that experience now?
7. The Dove and the Fire
In El Greco’s painting of Pentecost, the Holy Spirit descends as both dove and flame. Worthen uses this image to capture the beauty and danger of charisma. What does that paradox mean to you?
Keep the Conversation Going
Post your thoughts in the comments—or take these questions to your book group, classroom, or dinner table.
We want to hear what you think charisma really means.